說明
Original provider: Blue Whale Study Inc. Dataset credits: Blue Whale Study Inc. Abstract: Wind-forced cold water upwelling occurs seasonally along the continental shelf of south-east Australia, where pygmy blue whales aggregate to forage. Seasonality and variability are apparent for both blue whale encounter rates and upwelling, within and between seasons. Here we quantify upwelling variability over 11 seasons (2001/02 to 2011/12) and relate it to blue whale encounter rates. Two indices, cumulative wind stress (Intensity) quantifying physical forcing, and surface chlorophyll-a (chl-a) quantifying the ocean’s biological response, revealed variability in upwelling at a variety of temporal scales. Within seasons, upwelling Intensity peaked during February, and chl-a during February–March. Blue whale encounter rate from 52 aerial surveys was modelled against upwelling indices and the climate signal SAM (Southern Annular Mode), at individual survey- and aggregated season-levels, using General Additive Models (GAMs). Survey-level GAMs showed that encounter rate increased with increasing chl-a, and with increasing upwelling Intensity to a point beyond which further increases in Intensity resulted in declining encounter rates. This indicated the importance of productivity, as well as relaxation of upwelling, in producing optimal blue whale foraging conditions. In exploratory season-level models, a strong influence of SAM was apparent, with higher encounter rates associated with positive SAM during the preceding 12 months. Including chl-a improved the model, indicating that both broad-scale climatic signals inherently incorporating environmental variability and uncertainty, as well as more proximal regional factors may influence blue whale occurrence in the study area. Measuring the complex relationships between whale occurrence and upwelling is complicated by the fact that the population of blue whales using the Bonney Upwelling is open, and moves between alternate foraging areas. The findings were interpreted in the context of blue whale foraging ecology in this system. Purpose: Relate variability in blue whale relative abundance to variability in upwelling off southern Australia
資料紀錄
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此 IPT 存放資料以提供資料儲存庫服務。資料與資源的詮釋資料可由「下載」單元下載。「版本」表格列出此資源的其它公開版本,以便利追蹤其隨時間的變更。
版本
以下的表格只顯示可公開存取資源的已發布版本。
如何引用
研究者應依照以下指示引用此資源。:
Gill, P. 2015. Blue Whale Study aerial surveys, southern Australia, 2007-2012. Data downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP (http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/1281) on yyyy-mm-dd.
權利
研究者應尊重以下權利聲明。:
此資料的發布者及權利單位為 OBIS-SEAMAP。 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.
GBIF 註冊
此資源已向GBIF註冊,並指定以下之GBIF UUID: 424d81c1-d67a-4791-8a89-f445b9569abe。 OBIS-SEAMAP 發佈此資源,並經由Ocean Biodiversity Information System同意向GBIF註冊成為資料發佈者。
關鍵字
Occurrence,Marine Animal Survey,Marine Biology,Marine mammals,Visual Sighting,Aircraft; Observation; Occurrence
外部資料
此資源尚有其他格式可用
OBIS-SEAMAP Dataset Page | http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/1281 UTF-8 Interactive map |
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FGDC Metadata | http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/1281/xml UTF-8 XML |
聯絡資訊
- 擁有者 ●
- 出處 ●
- 連絡人
- 元數據提供者 ●
- 散布者
地理涵蓋範圍
Australia
界定座標範圍 | 緯度南界 經度西界 [-39.41, 139.52], 緯度北界 經度東界 [-37.531, 143.364] |
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分類群涵蓋範圍
Scientific names are based on the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS).
Subspecies | Balaenoptera musculus brevicauda (Pygmy blue whale) |
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時間涵蓋範圍
起始日期 / 結束日期 | 2007-11-09 / 2012-03-28 |
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計畫資料
無相關描述
計畫名稱 | Blue Whale Study aerial surveys, southern Australia, 2007-2012 |
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經費來源 | NA |
參與計畫的人員:
- 擁有者
取樣方法
NA
研究範圍 | NA |
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方法步驟描述:
- NA
收藏資料
蒐藏名稱 | zd_1281 |
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蒐藏編號 | zd_1281 |
上層採集品識別碼 | OBIS-SEAMAP |
額外的詮釋資料
marine, harvested by iOBIS
目的 | Relate variability in blue whale relative abundance to variability in upwelling off southern Australia |
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替代的識別碼 | http://ipt.env.duke.edu/resource?r=zd_1281 |